Oratorio genre originated in Italy at the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries. of dramatized hymns - Laud, which gradually evolved into performances. The first such presentation of the oratorio was held in Rome in 1600, when work was done by E. Cavalieri in Latin.

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Developing in parallel and so-called "common people" oratorio, performed in Italian with a free text. The classic type of monumental secular oratorio, where people (choir) - protagonist, created Handel. Best known for his oratorio "Samson". Haydn introduced the oratorio genre and narrative stories ("The Seasons", "The Creation"), thereby significantly expanding its theme. Franz Liszt, Schumann, H. Berlioz, Mendelssohn oratorios enriched language techniques borrowed from the opera, symphonic music, romance. In the XX century in the genre of the oratorio written A. Honegger ("Joan of Arc at the stake"), 3. Code ('Hungarian Psalm ") and others. Cantata (from the Italian word "Qantarah" - "sing") appeared simultaneously with the opera and oratorio at the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries. In Italy. It was designed for voice with instrumental accompaniment, and consisted of arias and recitatives. The first cantatas were generally lyrical.

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Over time, their content has become complicated, filled with philosophical meaning. Even the celebratory cantata and bought epic solemnity. In the execution of such works involved not only the singers, soloists, orchestra, choir and. Cantata close to the genre of the oratorio, though inferior to it in size. In the 1st half of the XVIII century. Bach cantatas creates classic examples of the genre. He wrote about 300 cantatas. Some of them are domestic or mythological: "Coffee Cantata", "Peasant Cantata", "Competition between Phoebus and Pan." In the spiritual writings of the composer puts human problems: the struggle of man, his sufferings, hopes and dreams. Bach uses here freely all musical means of opera, choral art and folk songs. Contemporary choral cantatas are unaccompanied and accompanied by an orchestra and even a piano. Requiem - a work for orchestra, choir and soloists.

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The nature of his music - the sad, tragic. Greatest work in this genre is "Requiem" by Mozart. In the XIX century. Requiem takes civil tone. In memory of the victims of the July Revolution of 1830 has devoted his work, Berlioz, an Italian poet A. Manzoni - Verdi, Brahms used for the "Deutsches Requiem" specially selected German texts to them. Many contemporary artists are also included in their essays than the traditional Latin texts. Thus, in "War Requiem" by B. Britten, included anti-war poem by English poet.